SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT In developing countries like Pakistan, it is common for municipalities to spend 20-50 percent of their available recurrent budget on solid waste management because this is the only duty of the local government to provide them clean roads. And this is also common that about 60% of the waste remains un collective and nearly 50% of the public serves with the sanitary hence problem rises both for people and the government. In Pakistan nearly 25% of the people living in cities and 75% a vast majority is in towns and villages where there is no such work regarding the sanitation and resulting malaria and other disease are rapidly spreading and unfortunately the people in village find no medication and facility of a specialist doctor and they are neither educated regarding the sanitation. Even though problem is same in the cities the people are unaware of the fact that they should live in clean and pure atmosphere. Solid waste management is such a work to provide clean atmosphere to the common so that they may not caught by the dieses. In order to understand the solid waste management we should understand what type of items are include in SWM and what are not. TYPES OF GARBAGE • FOOD WASTE • PAPER • CANS, BOTTLES, PLASTICS • YARD WASTE • HAZARDOUS WASTE • FURNITURE • SOLID WASTE WHAT WE DO IN SWM (SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT) We have 3 following methods in SWM • Re Use • Re Cycle • Landfills. FOOD WASTE Discard it with out mixing it with the other. ADVANTAGES OF DISCARDING About 670,000 tons of discard material ends up in a landfill each year and food waste is 13% of them, Bacteria from decomposing food, which produces an acid leachate, is 100 times stronger than domestic sewage and carcinogens PAPERS Papers are recycled and tied separately ADVANTAGES Every ton of 100 percent recycled paper saves • 17 to 31 trees • 4,102 kilowatt hours of energy • 7,000 gallons of water. • 3.3 cubic yards of landfill space CANS, BOTTLES, PLATIC. Pet bottles can be collected at local supermarket and convenience stores cans and bottles will be recycled. Due to the different material we should keep 3 different colours for the following items, • Cans are in considered in Mattel • Bottles are normally made with the glass and that is why will be kept alone. • Plastic, pets and other items. HAZARDOUS MATERIAL. This will be discarding separately. Normally it is neither recycled nor re used and landfills. But in Japan one of the environment workers had taken a new step that they abstract oil from that material and then prepare the soap of that material and remaining is collected in a paper or towel and throw it away. The material which is included as given below, • Flammable Chemical such as fuel, cooking oil ,paint • Photo developers • Used Oil YARD WASTE. Yard waste can only be landfills FURNITURE Furniture is easily recyclable / re usable. Wood is easily used and when it is not in use it can be used in a particleboard factory and used as fire work. And fire work is last option when there is no use of the wood. SOLID WASTE. Steel is a unique material because it always contains recycled steel. Each year there is millions of tons of steel cans and automobiles are recycles. If 1000Kg of steel is recycled then following are the ADVANTAGES • 2,500 pounds of Iron ore is saved. • 1,400 pounds of coal is saved. • 120 Pounds of limestone are saved RE USE. Re use is a simple work in solid waste management. In the system we can change physical condition of a substance with out any pain. It is as easy to understand that when we write with a lead pencil on a white paper, we can easily remove the writing with the help of an eraser in order to write. Re using is not a new idea but is old and simple method to adopt. Cans of bottles are used again and again in houses and bottle of glasses are used again and again by the bottlers companies. RE CYCLING. Re cycled material is that one which changes it physical condition along with chemical composition sometimes. But normally it is considered to be a physical change. Internationally Recycled material has a logo of recycling on it. We should buy a recyclable material so that it after the use of that we can sell it and have money through it. We should urge the people towards recyclable material. LANDFILLING. Land filling is used for the centuries but it costs because we have to procure the land in order to settle the items such like fertilizers and a fertile enhancing product.
previous article: Kashmiri Pandits observe September 14 as their Martyr’s Day
next article: Story Information of Allods
Leave Your Comments