Evolutionary principles are sometimes used to justify racial prejudices. While no rigorous scientific study has yet proven one race to be inferior to any others it should be recognized that it is in principle impossible to prove racial superiority/inferiority and hence no study ever will. Firstly a note on the meaning of ‘more evolved’ and […]

By using the General Theory of Biological Relativity problems that plague other theories of fitness may be circumvented. Measuring fitness requires a conceptually similar method to how mass is measured according to the General Theory of (Physical) Relativity. To measure mass we use a scale to compare the effect of a gravitational field on a […]

Our inability to see evolution working in every instance of biological reproduction causes our perspective on evolutionary change to be relative.  This means that claims about trends within the evolution of species -how it’s evolving- are relative to the measurement standards used. However this only applies to species that are reproducing in a uniform manner.  […]

My recent articles have argued for a relativistic approach to aspects of biology.  One consequence of relativism is that biology has spatial and temporal dimensions as in physics.  Secondly it suggests a new definition of fitness and fitness’s relation to mutation.  This new definition will suggest a measurement technique for fitness and defuse some of […]

Evolutionary biology is relative.  Moreover it is not merely relative, but specially relative.       (To see the argument for biological relativity click here: https://groundreport.com/article.php?articleID=2835603 )       Einstein’s Special Theory of Relativity develops from the law of propagation of light and the principle of relativity1.  The law of propagation of light states that, […]

Part 1: The Classical Theory of Relativity       Classical Relativity beginsi with Galileo’s description of how a person below deck on a boat moving uniformly would not be able to tell whether the boat was in motionii.  Without an outside perspective, we cannot tell if we are moving with respect to some object, usually […]