Haryana State, created on November I, 1966, out of the vast lands of Punjab, is bounded on the north –east by the Shivaliks, with the Shimla hills at the top, on the north –west by the Punjab, with the Sutlej river lying beyond its border, on the west and south by Rajasthan, including the Thar desert and the Aravalli range, and on the east by the river Yamuna, in the Uttar Pradesh, from which Haryana receives some marginal irrigation. It is small state of ten districts, of which Hissar is the most extensive in area and population, and Rohtak the most deeply populated. While no perennial river flows through the state, the Ghaggar, which is at times heavily swollen, passes through the extreme north of the Hissar district and touches Ambala and Karnal cities.
The overwhelming majority of the people are Hindus. Among the other communities, in order of numbers, are Sikhs, Muslims, Jains, Christians and Buddhists. Hindi I its various dialects is the most quickly widely spoken language though Punjabi is also spoken in pockets all over the state, and particularly in towns. In the villages, Punjabis came in after the partition of the country in 1947 as displaced persons. They have had much influence on the both the ecology and he customs of Haryana. The principal Hindi dialect is Harianavi, Haryana geographically being the meeting and mixing place of several dialects in Hindi, Urdu and Punjabi.
Haryana has a long tradition of History and culture going far into the centers before Christ. There are many religious and historical landmarks, impossible to detail here. Perhaps the two most widely known are Kurukshetra and Panipat. Kurukshetra’s sacred temples and lakes are a living tradition of many centuries, attracting this day by the million, particularly during the solar eclipse. Panipat is famed for its three decisive battles.
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