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Muscles Part 3

If skeletal muscles (voluntary) are severed from the nerve fibers in the autonomic nervous system, they atrophy and paralysis results.  If smooth and cardiac muscles (involuntary) are severed from their external nerve source, they continue to function.

Smooth muscle tissue is present in the walls of blood vessels, digestive tract, urinary passages, bladder, genital ducts of the womb, trachea, spleen, eye, gall bladder and trachea.

Smooth muscles generally fall into the involuntary reflex category and perform four types of involuntary activity.  They are the muscles that are involved in the peristaltic action that moves the chyme through the intestinal tract by contracting and creating wave like motions.  They are the muscles involved in eliminating urine and fecal matter from the body and are responsible for regulating the size of openings like the pupil of the eye.  They also have the ability to constrict blood vessels and other tubes in the body. 

Cardiac muscle is found in the walls of the heart.  Cardiac muscle is similar in construction to skeletal muscles except the striations are less distinct.  Because of their function and the construction of the heart, cardiac muscles are arranged in bundles or branches of elongated fibers, similar to the skeletal muscles, but they extend in a spiral fashion, especially in the ventricles.  The nuclei in the fibers are centrally located and are not encased in a separate membrane.  Contractions of the cardiac muscle are involuntary originating in the sinoatrial node of the heart.  Impulses are transmitted through the antrioventricular node to all parts of the heart.  The junction point with surrounding cells is characterized by dark transverse bands called intercalated discs.  

There is not always a clear cut dividing line between the actions of voluntary muscles.  Sometimes voluntary muscle function will be involuntary, as in a reflex action, and involuntary muscles may come under conscious control, like slowing the heart rate during deep meditation.

Conditioning is beneficial to all muscles.  But, more isn’t always better.  It’s been found that walking is better than running and my personal experience is that light weights and lots of repetitions are superior to a few repetitions using heavy weights.  In both cases injury is the determining factor. 

Running jars the internal organs and pounds the joints.  When you have to open your mouth to breathe while exercising, you’ve gone out of your comfort zone, are much less likely to continue with your program and you’re initiating the fight or flight reflex.  Fight or flight starts the hormones flowing, including adrenaline and cortisol.  Hormones are necessary for life and health but stress in everyday life provides more than sufficient amounts of the fight or flight hormones.  Excesses of stress related hormones cause premature aging and have been linked to various degenerative diseases.  Brisk walking can provide the same benefits as running, without the problems.

Weight bearing exercise is good for many things including the slowing of osteoporosis. Heavy weights may stroke the ego but can seriously damage the body.  Tendons attach the muscles to the bones.  Tendons are tough whitish cords, consisting of numerous parallel bundles of fibers composed of collagen.  Cigarettes, and some drugs, deplete the body of collagen.  Most long-term smokers are easily recognized by the wrinkles in their faces.  Collagen is a main component of the skin. 
Tendons are flexible but are not made too stretch and that is where problems with heavy weights can arise.
 
If we lift weight that’s at near or in excess of our limit, we’re taking a chance of pulling the tendon loose from the attachment point.  This can result in acute or chronic problems.  At best the exercise program is interrupted for a period of time and at worst, it can be the beginning of lifelong misery.

I have a personal friend who tore a tendon loose, sometime in the mid 80’s, while bench pressing heavy weights.  The problem wasn’t able to be resolved with rest and inactivity and required a major operation to the shoulder joint.  The result of the surgery was loss of range of motion and discomfort, plus not being able to lift even moderately heavy weights without pain.

If we think about the benefits of lifting 100 pounds 5 times we find the total pounds lifted would be 500 and if 100 pounds is our limit, our chances of injury are quite high.  If we use 10 pounds and do 100 repetitions we realize our total pounds lifted are 1000.  If we begin slowly with light weights, even soup cans will work, and a low number of repetitions and work our way to the 100 figure, we lower our chances of injury many times.  Go for the rep’s first and after reaching your goal, then begin increasing the weight. 

       

        

Larry Miller: I was born in Los Angeles in 1940. My father was a fighter pilot instructor during WWll and we moved from coast to coast, maybe that’s where I got the nomad in my blood. After graduating from high school in 1958 I joined the Marines. That lifestyle wasn’t for me and upon my discharge I went on with my life, and have never looked back. I worked briefly for a Caterpillar dealer in Riverside, CA before moving back to N. California where I was a welder and truck driver for a chemical company. Truck driving wasn’t my calling anymore than being in the Marines, and I went back to work for another Caterpillar dealer steam cleaning dirty tractor parts and welding. They sent me to schools, lots and lots of schools. I spent as much time going to trade schools as I did at work. I went from cleaning parts to apprentice field mechanic, to mechanic to the parts department to satellite store manager in less than two years. They wanted me to move to Sacramento and be a salesman: I moved to Oregon to learn to commune with nature. I went to work for another heavy equipment dealer and was later contacted by the World’s largest Lorraine Crane dealer and offered the position of purchasing agent and general parts manager. In 1967 I was offered a line of automotive parts and supplies and went into business for myself. My business revolved around eleven race cars that we maintained for others, driving race cars professionally and maintaining high end sports cars. I was a championship and regional champion driver. My business was the largest import parts and service, non dealer, in the state until I sold it in 1979. We went sailing in 79, first to Mexico and then Hawaii. I was an award winning Trans-Pacific sailor and sailor of the year, Hawaii, Island of Kauai. An opportunity presented itself in Hawaii during 1981 and I was back in business, importing Japanese auto body and hard parts. I also felt the pull to write and began freelancing for magazines and newspapers in 1982. My main focus in my articles is, and always has been, health, wellness and fitness. Most of us have heard the saying, “Time is all we have.” I disagree. Our health is all we have, because without our health, we have no time. I was a US Olympic team hopeful in racewalking and held all the records for the state of Hawaii. As a sponsored athlete in my forties, I finished first in nine marathons in a row in my division, qualified for the Ironman® and was the state USCF cycling champion five times in Hawaii and Oregon. Celinda and I were married in 1988 after a three year engagement. We sold our businesses and organic farm and sailed back to Oregon. After our sailboat boat was sold, we moved to Joseph, Oregon, two miles from the trailhead into the Eagle Cap Wilderness. We were caregivers for my mother the last ten years she was alive. We moved to New Mexico in 1995 because it was too cold for my mom in Oregon during the winters. Celinda designed, and I engineered and built our strawbale house. I began writing the weekly health column for a local newspaper in 1996, and still do. In 2000, I took the summer off to do a four month, 4000 mile, hike, bike and kayak odyssey. I’d been writing health, fitness and sports articles since 1982 and the journey produced a full-length, nonfiction, first person adventure book, Yol Bolsun, May There Be A Road, which can be bought from Amazon.com and others over the Internet. The summer of 2001 was spent hiking. kayaking, fishing and exploring the southwest. In 2002 Celinda and I spent the summer in Canada learning the hospitality business at a resort in preparation for doing promotion for the resort in the US. Most of 2003 was spent reestablishing the trees and landscape that had died during the stay in Canada. We had a house sitter and the house sitter had an ex-husband, and that’s a long story. In July of 2004 I did a solo kayak trip on the Snake River, taking pictures, writing articles and pencil sketching the journey. I hope to do another kayak adventure on the Snake River during the summer of 2008, on the section I missed in 2000 and 2004. In 2005, I returned to Canada to the resort where we’d spent 2002. I was supposed to be there for the month of June. I’d contacted people I’d met in 2002 and they came back to Canada to fish, hike and spend time at the resort, Echo Valley Ranch and Spa, while I was there. My one month became five and then it was off to Spain to do the El Camino de Santiago as a travel companion with one of the guests who’d returned to Canada in June. During the summer of 2006 a friend from Ireland, who I’d met in Spain the year before, came to visit in NM and we fished, hiked and explored the White Mountains of AZ. He’d never slept out in the wild in a tent before, and it was quite an experience, for both of us. My newspaper articles were put on the Internet beginning in 2002. I was asked to give public speaking engagements, photo and video presentations, on various subjects for the library in Deming, NM and continue to do so. In 2006 I videoed and produced a DVD for the Smithsonian Institute’s travel exhibit “Between Fences.” NMFILMS had a conference by invitation only, which I attended. While attending the conference, I realized that film making wasn’t what I wanted to do but I still wanted to use my sixteen years of experience and enjoyment of videoing and photography. During the winter of 2005, I discovered that no one on record had ever run from the Arizona border to the Texas border, a distance of 165 miles. During the spring and summer of 2006 I trained for the run and the run was completed in October, 2006. In late 2005, I began building and maintaining websites incorporating all the things I enjoyed about video, photography, travel and the out of doors. 2007 has been a summer of upgrading the home and property which resulted in a downgrading of my enthusiasm for being located in one place. If we don’t like what’s happening in our life, we need to change what we’re doing. Celinda and I are ready to pull up roots and move on. I guess I’ve come full circle. I’m ready to revert back to my childhood, and a nomadic lifestyle.
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