Few centuries ago Afghanistan became part of Mughal empire during reign of Mughal Emperor Akbar, he had sent his able General to conquer NWFP, its adjacent tribal areas and Afghanistan, tribesmen were defeated by his army and his rule was established till Afghanistan. Emperor Akbar was quite secular, he had introduced a new religion Deen I Ilahi and was married to Hindu wives, and his Hindu wife Maharani Jodha Bai was having great influence on him.
Emperor Aurangzeb Alamgir of Mughal dynasty was quite religious and during his era his misadventure in Afghanistan was resulted in economic disaster for Mughal Empire. Secular Akbar was quite successful in establishing his rule all over subcontinent but Islamic minded emperor Aurangzeb had failed to keep the empire intact. Decline of Mughal Empire was started during reign of emperor Aurangzeb Alamgir when all his military adventures in Afghanistan were failed and exchequer of empire was spent on these failed military adventures.
The myth of invincibility of tribal areas along the border of Afghanistan was created during British Raj in Subcontinent known as India during Mughal and British Raj, British Raj was established after 1857 uprising against rule of East India Company in result of which Mughal emperor Bahadur Shah Zafar was dethroned and sent to exile in Rangoon capital of Burma.
British Indian Army had fought numerous battles in tribal areas to establish their control but was defeated both in tribal areas and in Afghanistan. In 1947 British rulers had left sub continent after creating two independent states of India and Pakistan. During British Raj people of subcontinent were exposed to plunder and atrocities of their colonial masters as many historians had pointed out, but the fact remains that era of enlightenment was commenced with arrival of British colonial rule over subcontinent, communications systems developed by British rulers, in shape of roads, rail road bridges and water and sanitation system in cities are still in good shape. Scientific education is also a favor of British rulers of subcontinent; universities and colleges were established during British rule as parallel educational system to already established religious seminaries.
‘British Army Officers when had failed to conquer Orakzai Agency tribal area, had sent their British colleagues in disguise of Mullahs, these British Officers were taught Pushto language by Mr. Zareef Khan of Kohat, in disguise of Muslim religious scholars British army officers had entered in Teerah valley had established themselves their by getting married to Pushtoon girls, after 1947 they all went back but had left their wives and children in Teerah valley,’ a source has said.
The myth of invincibility of Afghanistan and tribal areas of Pakistan was further established during recent military misadventure of Soviets in Afghanistan. From 1947 onwards tribal areas of Pakistan located at Pak-Afghan border from Waziristan till Bajure are maintaining their semi-independent status government writ was never established in these tribal areas, the tribal areas are administered through political administration under FCR.
People of Pakistan tribal areas including Afghanistan is as vulnerable as any other part of the world can be it was proved centuries ago by a General of Mughal Empire during reign of Emperor Akbar, even Pakistan Security forces, had currently established its hold in Khyber Agency, Dara Adam Khel and Waziristan tribal areas, in Waziristan causalities of Pakistan security forces were quite high, in Dara Adam Khel also good number of security forces men were killed but in Khyber agency so far only four security forces men are killed. Taliban militants present in these areas offer resistance but local population welcome the security forces men. In present age of advance technology to wipe out few militants and to establish government writ in these tribal areas is not a mission impossible.
Submitted by
Abdur Raziq
Blog: raziq1.blogspot.com
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