Singaporean researchers may have figured out two ways where stem cells can be used to treat heart patients, although it is still too early for the treatments to be made publicly available.
Stem cells are cells that can grow to become any cell in the human body, including heart cells. Though they are found primarily in the umbilical cord, the bone marrow is the main source for the cells in adults.
The first treatment negates the adverse effects of a heart attack, by utilising stem cell secretions to reduce scar tissues that develop after the incident. It can also be used after a heart bypass surgery.
30 pigs which underwent the treatment revealed a 60% decrease in scar tissues.
According to the head researcher, Dr Lim Sai Kiang from the Institute of Medical Biology, the treatment involving the protein-rich substance prevents a repeat heart attack.
However, the treatment is not going to be available to patients anytime soon.
The same results may not apply to humans, as previous clinical trials failed. The researchers also do not have enough money to carry out tests for enough patients.
A team of cardiologists at the National Heart Centre have developed another possible treatment by transplating heart cells manufactured from stem cells into a patient’s heart.
The new heart cells replace dead cells in the damaged organ, increasing its efficacy. Blood circulation is improved because the heart pumps 10% better.
A benefit is that since the new cells come from the patient’s own bone marrow, there is no need for a lifelong dependence on anti-rejection medication.
But human testing is on hold for the treatment too, because the centre lacks the laboratory conditions necessary to manufacture the cells for human use.
A suitable laboratory is slated to open at the centre in 2012.
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