There are certain things that should be considered in order to achieve order and beauty in any design. These things are the basic principles of design. The principles of design are Harmony, Balance, rhythm, Emphasis and Proportion.
Harmony implies oneness or unity. It means that every elements in a design should establish resemblance or unity with one another. If these objects are put together, it will form an overall or general impression that gives the unity of every element. Harmony have several aspects, these includes; the Line, the Form, the Size, the Texture, the Color and the Idea.
Balance provides the impression of stability or rest. The thing here is to equalize the attraction power of the elements. This could be acquire by several means. It could be done through setting up identical or similar objects in both sides on the arrangement. It could also be done by setting up another object to the opposite side that could balance the attractiveness of the object in the other side, in the case wherein the two objects in both sides are not identical.
Rhythm provides the organized related movements that could eventually makes the eyes of the viewer carried from one part to another. It could be established through using a design which has a repetition of shapes, has progression of size or has a continues line movement.
Emphasis means that the design is able to established an order of importance on its every details in the eyes of the viewer who looks upon the design. In establishing Emphasis in the design, it should be considered what to emphasize, how to emphasize, how much to emphasize and where to place the emphasis. Thinking what to emphasize can be achieve through grouping the objects, use contrasting colors, use decorations, providing sufficient plain background space, and making use of unusual lines, shapes and sizes.
Proportion is the presentation of space relation in the design. If two or more object are put together, the space between this object’s established proportions. Good proportion can be done through creating a good spacing or adopting a standard.
The ancient Greeks adopted standard as they used the oblong as basis for space divisions in working with their infrastructure in the ancient times. The famous of these infrastructure is the Parthenon in Athens, Greece. It was said that the Parthenon shows as the most perfectly proportioned building in the world according to the study.
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